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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. REULAND.

I DRYING APPARATUS. No. 352,204. Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2;

M. REULAN'D.

DRYING APPARATUS. 7 No. 352,204. Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

M. REULAND. DRYING APPARATUS.

No. 352,204. Patented Nov. 9, 1886.

N. PUERS mwuflwgnphnr, Washington. m a

' UNITED ,STATES' PATENT OFFICE.

' MATHIAS REULAND, OF DORTMU ND, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

DRYING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,204, dated November 9; 1886.

Application filed March 11, 1886. Serial No. 194,796. (No model.)

To all whmn it mayponcern:

Be it,known that I, MATHIAS REULAND, civil engineer, a resident of the city of Dortmund, in the Kingdom of Prussia, and German Empire, have invented certain Improvements in Drying Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. A

My invention relates to an apparatus in which substances containing much waterfor instance, residuary matter, distillers wash,.

&c.are dried by means of steam, heatedair, 850., in such a manner that the source of heat or caloric applied to a mantle'shaped vessel operates both on. the inner' and on the outer heating'surface of thelatter. V

The drying apparatus is represented in the annexed drawings.

Figure I showsa longitudinal section of the apparatus. Fig. II is an upper View of it,

and Fig. III a side view. Figs. IV and V show in detail the arrangement for conducting the air through the inside of the mantle-shaped vessel that contains the substance which is to be dried. Figs. VI and VII illustrate on an enlarged scale the feeding appliance for the material that has to be worked up.

The apparatus consists of a number of retorts or vessels, A, withdouble casings or sides. The caloric enters thespace between these two casings at D, and after passing through a system of such retorts, which communicate with each other by means of connections D, escapes again at D The air contained in the shell B of the entire apparatus is .heated by radiation from the outer casing of retort-s A, and is conducted at d (1 into the separate retorts, and escapes again in a vaporous condition at Q Q Q, taking with it the moisture it accumulates on its way through the substance that is to be dried. In the place of the scrapers or worms usually found in these retorts for the purpose of stirring up the dried material and moving it forward, I employ in the present apparatus a system of tubes which is into the axle of the drum. The connection between this drum-axle L and the front side of the retort A or the shell 13 is represented in Figs. IV and V. The inflowing air passes through the holes P, arranged on axle L, into the enlarged casing M, so that in spiteof the motion of the hollow axle L there is always a uniform current of steam or heated air into the chamber S and in the inside of tubes R.

The same arrangement as that shown in Figs.

holes P, and the roll-shaped casing lVI,int-o the connecting-tube Q, flow through the similar arrangement at axle L andthcn through the second system of tubes, R,and finally leave the apparatus at L A While the drying is going on by means of the systems of tubes It the material is at the same time stirred up and moved away, and also scraped off from the sides to prevent its sticking to them. This operation is performed by means of plate-shaped scrapers F F, placed between the tubes and consisting of separate parts that stand at an angle of ninety degrees from each other. These scrapers F, of any desired width, are placed side by side loosely between the tubes R'about at right angles to each other, so that by the revolution of said tubes R they are carried round, and in consequence of their weight are allowed to slide and fall against the side of the drum A,and pass thus the bottom of said drum, and in contact with the opposite sidesome distance past the horizontal center line, thereby irritating and scraping off the material. As the motion of these scrapers is in different directions, it is impossible for the material toadhere to the sides of the drying apparatus, and as they turn the material over so often the drying process is accelerated. t

The substance to be dried is introduced by means of the pump-plunger K of the feeding apparatus through the pipe J into the upper drum, A, passes through-the same,being gradually moved by the scrapers F toward the other end of said drum until it arrives at the opening Jtwhen it falls intonthe lower drum or cylinder, and after having been moved through the length of the same by the action of its scrapers F, escapes at the opening J 3 in a dry state.

The feeding apparatus is represented on a small scale in Fig. III, and on a large scale in Figs. VI and VII, and consists of a cylinder, C, in which a piston, K, works in the manner now to be described. The cylinder is connected with afeeding-funnel, G which is shut off by a slide, S, which latter moves in a way corresponding with the motion of the piston K. The slide 0 serves to regulate the efflux of the inducted material. The motion of slide S and of piston Kis caused by the double armed lever H H, to one arm, H, of which both are attached. The second arm, H, of this lever is connected with the bar of a rack-and-pinion jack, Z, into which a partially-cogged wheel, G, works. From the axle of the latter the starting is effected by means of the disk or pulley A. The bar Z is guided laterally by a roller, It, and is besides jointed by means of bar T to a fixed point of the framing of the machine. A forked bar, T,is attached by means of a crank U to the axle of the partially-cogged wheel G and the strap-disk A, and catches a stud, E, on the second arm, H, of the doublearmed lever. \Vhen the pulley or disk A moves in the direction indicated by the arrow, the partially-cogged wheel G works into the bar Z and lifts thelatter, thereby causing the slide S to shut off the feeding-funnel and the piston K to move forward. This motion of the piston exercises a pressure on the material with which the cylinder is filled, forces it under slide 0 and into the first retort of the drying apparatus. The cogs on the wheel G extend over one-third of its periphery. Afterthe cogged part of the wheel has passed the bar, owing to the motion of the pulley or disk A, the wheel G still grazes the bar Z with its uncogged part, but does not move it, so that during this part of the motion (about two-thirds of the periphery) the bar Z and levers H H are motionless, and consequently piston K and slide S are the same. During the last onethird of the motion the forked bar T comes into play and catches with the inner rounding of its fork the stud E on the lever H, and shoves thelatter,together wit-h bar Z,baek into their former positions. This has the effect of forcing piston K and slide S into their old places again, so as to be ready for a fresh filling of the cylinder and for a forward stroke on the part of the piston. The fluid pressed out of the substance by the action of the piston escapes through a sieve, S", applied to the cylinder. I

The partially-cogged wheel G can be replaced by a friction-plate,which presses against bar Z with one portionof its periphery only. Bar Z is in this case not a rack, but merely a lifting-bar.

Having thus described my invention and also the means how to perform it, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A drying apparatus consisting of the combination of retorts A with the tubes It, end chambers, S, and hollow shaft'L, with was sages P, and enlarged casings M, surrounding the shaft L, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a drying apparatus, a numberoftubes,

It, placed in a circle opposite each other, in 7 5 combination with a series of scrapers, F, consisting of separate pieces placedloosely at an angle of about ninety degrees to each other between the tubes R, as and 'for the purpose specified.

3. In combination with the feeding-pipe J of a drying apparatus, the feeding apparatus consisting of the combination of cylinder 0 with shut-off slide S, piston K, double-armed lever H H, rack -lever Z, partiallycogged wheel G, and forked bar T, with stud E fast on the lever H, arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of twosub- 9o scribing witnesses.

MATHIAS REULAND.

\Vitnesses:

AUG. SOIDIITZ, GEO. Kocn. 

